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IAUTOINFO.COM: AUTOMOTIVE MISCELLANEOUS
Automotive Information for the consumer
Paintless Dent Repair (PDR)
(PDR) is a craft. Once mastered, this skill will allow an individual to earn a substantial income, removing door dings and small dents from the finish of automobiles. Due to itsquick (10-20 minutes per repair) and inexpensive (no product cost) nature, PDR has rapidly become the desired body shop alternative.
PDR replaces the need to take an automobile to a body shop, leaving it for several days, sometimes longer, and spending hundreds of dollars getting a ding or dent repaired. Now, thanks to PDR, repairs can be performed quicker, for less money, and conveniently at a customer's home or office. Paintless dent repair is revolutionizing the world of ding and dent repair!
How Does Paintless Dent Repair Work?
To perform a paintless dent repair, a skilled technician uses metal rods and picks to massage out minor dings and dents in the finish of an automobile. To perform this, a technician will work on the dent from the inside of the panel. In simpler terms, the ding or dent is pushed out. Average repairs usually only take 10 to 20 minutes, from start to finish.
Collision shops have become increasingly aware of the benefits of paintless dent repair, also known as PDR. Many shop owners have been outsourcing this business to mobile vendors, while others have purchased tools and are performing the service themselves.
With the seemingly endless variety of vehicles and a larger demand for skilled dent technicians, PDR training is constantly facing new challenges.
Tools
Literally thousands of unique dent tools are available in the market, and more are being created each day. They differ in their lengths, diameter, tip, bends and composition. These various configurations are created for access, type of dent and the technician's physical needs.
Lights and Boards
Identifying and reading dents is made easier with the use of different reading lights, boards and poles. Although the K-Boom light is the most universally used, some individuals reading boards or special light filters. During the second day of training, a preference for a particular dent reading system is developed by the student. His choice depends on individual visual ability.
Techniques
When the actual dent repair begins, unique techniques are used to remove different types of dents. This may be applying pressure from the inside toward the outside or the outside toward the inside. From these two approaches, several more sub techniques are applied. Although the dent training manual and the PDR instructor follow the prescribed training procedure, modifications are often made for the student to compensate for one or more of his individual differences.
- Single Stage: Includes (base). Ex. primer, flat non shiny finishes.
- Two Stage: Includes (base, clear coat). Ex. smooth, shiny finishes.
- Three Stage: Includes (base, mica, clear coat). Ex. pearl white, prism or color changing paint.
- Clear Coat: A clear, shiny coat of paint (ex. urethane or acrylic enamel) applied over the base or color coat of paint on a vehicle.
- Overlap: The labor associated with an operation that is common to the replacement of two or more parts, paint cost is deducted for the overlap on adjacent panels.
- Undercoating: A tar like coating applied to protect underneath the vehicle.
- 2 TONE: A vehicle that has 2 different shades of paint.
- Flex Material: A urethane added to paint to allow for a flex or a bend in the paint without cracking.
REFINISH OPERATIONS
Single-Stage Included Operations
- Move Car
- Review Estimate/work order
- Get Paint Code
- Order Paint
- Get Paint
- Gather materials, equipment and tools
- Clean equipment and materials
- De-wax and De-grease
- Prepare to sand
- Dual action sand (for welded panels)
- Hand/wet sand
- Mix, apply and flash primer (for adhesion and sealing)
- Application of guide coat (for welded panels)
- Black Sand (for welded panels)
- Water wash and clean panel with solvent
- Blow dry clean panels
- Prepare to spray
- Clean Booth
- Protect exterior of vehicle from overspray ( e.g. all acceptable methods of bagging, masking etc.)
- Basic corrosion protection provided by paint system/primer applied
- Mix, apply and flash additives
- Tack wipe
- Mix color, spray test panel, compare to vehicle
- Initial tint, spray test panel, compare to vehicle
- Apply and flash color
- Inspect job and paint
- Clean Gun
Single-Stage Not Included Operations
- Body work
- Spot putty
- Panel stripping
- Additional preparation or cleaning of new unprimed panels
- Molding R&I
- Stripe R&I
- Parts R&I
- Painting of stripes
- Adhesive removal
- Mask inner, adjacent jambs
- Mask moldings
- Spray additional test panel
- Blending into adjacent panels
- De-nib and Polish
- Chipguard application
- Gravel guard
- Additional time for Two-stage or clear coat
- Additional time for Two-tone
- Additional time for Three-stage
- Custom finishes
- Tint primer or clear
- Undercoating
- Metal preparation and corrosion -protection beyond those listed in "included operations"
- Final wash
- Hazardous waste removal
- Any special coatings applied to luggage compartment
- Second or third bagging or masking of vehicle
Two-Stage Included Operations
- Gather additional materials
- Spray test panel/letdown panel
- Tack wipe (between color and clear if required)
- Mix, apply and flash clear
- Clean gun
Three-Stage Included Operations
- Gather additional materials
- Spray test panel/let down panel
- Tack wipe (between color and pearlescent/mica coat if required)
- Mix, apply and flash pearlescent/mica coat
- Clean gun
- Tack wipe (between pearlescent/mica coat and clear if required)
- Mix, apply and flash clear
- Clean gun
Two-Tone Included Operations
- Tack wipe (between colors)
- Additional masking
- Mix second color
- Color Tint and check second color
- Apply and flash second color
- Clean Gun
Blending Included Operations
- Complete preparation of blended panel
- Scuff or buff
- Application of color to blended panel
- Application of clear to entire blended panel in Two and Three-Stage systems
Chipguard Included Operations
- Gather Chipguard materials
- Masking
- Application of Chipguard
- Clean-up
*The above Refinish Operations are operations from the ADP operating system*
VIN (short for "Vehicle Identification Number") is a seventeen-digit code that uniquely identifies a vehicle. Every car, truck, motorcycle, trailer, etc. that is built is assigned a VIN and DMVs and insurance companies use the VIN to keep track of which vehicle is which.
The VIN encodes specific information about a vehicle, including country of manufacture, manufacturer, model, body style and even engine and other information. This was standardized in the early '80s and all major manufacturers follow the standard.
VIN:
1
G
2
J
B
1
2
4
0
1
7
3
1
4
6
6
7
THIS VIN DECODES A 2001 GENERAL MOTORS PONTIAC SUNFIRE
| DIGIT | DESCRIPTION | MEANING |
| 1 | COUNTRY OF ORIGIN | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA |
| G | MANUFACTURER | PONT GENERAL MOTORS |
| 2 | DIVISION | PONTIAC |
| JB | LINE | SUNFIRE |
| 1 | BODY STYLE | 2 DR COUPE |
| 2 | RESTRAINT SYSTEM | MN BLTS W/DR & PASS AIR BAG-FRONTAL |
| 4 | ENGINE | 2.2L L4 MFI |
| 0 | CHECK DIGIT | CHECK DIGIT MATCHES |
| 1 | YEAR | 2001 |
| 7 | PLANT | LORDSTOWN, OG |
| 314667 | SERIAL NUMBER | SEQUENCE IN RANGE |
* ALL VIN NUMBERS DIFFER. NO TWO VIN NUMBERS ARE THE SAME.
Where do I find a VIN?
A VIN is visible on the lower right hand (driver's side) corner of the dash when looking through the front windshield. The VIN is also printed on registrations, titles and proof of insurance cards. The VIN can also be found on engine blocks, fenders, deck lids, doors, pillars bumper covers, frames and inside the glove box.


